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Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common nosological entities among cancers. In the structure of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms, BC occupies a leading position in most countries of the world. The paper analyzes overall trends in morbidity and mortality rates and information on the diagnosis of BC and the patient population with this disease in Russia during a 20-year period (2000-2020) on the basis of state statistical reporting data. It compares the Russian estimates with the interna-tional data of the GLOBOCAN 2020 project. The COVID-19 pandemic is indicated to have an impact on main statistical indicators.Copyright © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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Objective. To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the course of cancers and to estimate the achievement of the main indicators of a cancer service in case of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Subjects and methods. In the Nizhny Novgorod Region, data on the detection and registration of COVID-19 in patients with malignant neoplasms (MNs) were analyzed on the basis of data of the information and analytical system (IAS) <<Cancer Registry 6S>>. Results. As of December 31, 2020, there were a total of 99.477 cancer patients, including 1.470 confirmed COVID-19 cases, accounting for 1.5% of all the registered patients with MNs. Among the cancer patients with COVID-19, the females were 1.6 times more likely to be ill than the males. Analyzing the age structure of cancer patients with COVID-19 revealed that the older ablebodied persons (61.6%) were more likely to get sick than younger ones (38.0%). Cancer concurrent with COVID-19 led to a severe course of COVID-19 in 15.9% of cases and resulted in death of cancer patients in 17.8% of cases. The older able-bodied patients were more likely to die, which accounted for 89.3% of the total number of died cancer patients with COVID-19. In the structure of the causes of death of cancer patients with COVID-19, the latter comes first (51.3%), MNs ranked next (33.0%), circulatory system diseases occupied the third place (13.0%), and other causes ranked fourth (2.7%). According to the 2020 results, the Nizhny Novgorod Region during the COVID-19 pandemic displayed a 0.4% increase in the mortality rate from neoplasms, including that from malignant ones, a 5.0% decrease in the proportion of MNs detected at Stages 1-2, a 22.0% reduction in active detection rates, and a 21.0% rise in neglect rates. Conclusion. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affects the course of cancers, by aggravating the condition of cancer patients, which results in a fatal outcome in 17.8% of cases.Copyright © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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Background: This study analyzed the causes of death in the Korean population in 2020. Method(s): Cause-of-death data for 2020 from Statistics Korea were examined based on the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death, 7th revision and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision. Result(s): In total, 304,948 deaths occurred, reflecting an increase of 9,838 (3.3%) from 2019. The crude death rate (the number of deaths per 100,000 people) was 593.9, corresponding to an increase of 19.0 (3.3%) from 2019. The 10 leading causes of death, in descending order, were malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, intentional self-harm, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer disease, liver diseases, hypertensive diseases, and sepsis. Cancer accounted for 27.0% of deaths. Within the category of malignant neoplasms, the top 5 leading organs of involvement were the lung, liver, colon, stomach, and pancreas. Sepsis was included in the 10 leading causes of death for the first time. Mortality due to pneumonia decreased to 43.3 (per 100,000 people) from 45.1 in 2019. The number of deaths due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was 950, of which 54.5% were in people aged 80 or older. Conclusion(s): These changes reflect the continuing increase in deaths due to diseases of old age, including sepsis. The decrease in deaths due to pneumonia may have been due to protective measures against SARS-CoV-2. With the concomitant decrease in fertility, 2020 became the first year in which Korea's natural total population decreased.Copyright © Korean Medical Association.
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BACKGROUND: The proportion of older people is increasing worldwide. Leading causes of death must be understood for the organization of medical and social care. AIM: This study aimed to identify and discuss the leading causes of death in older people and old age based on data from medical death certificates. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the electronic database of the Main Department of the Civil Registry Office of the Moscow Region (the system of the Unified State Register of Civil Status Records), all cases in which diseases were indicated as the initial cause of death (all codes of external causes, injuries, and poisoning were excluded) were selected. From a total of 109,126 deceased individuals, 90,269 (82.7%) were ≥60 years old. Eighteen groups of initial causes of death were made (95.2% of deaths from diseases);40,442 (44.8%) medical death certificates were issued by the Bureau of Forensic Medicine. RESULTS: Five leading causes of death were COVID-19 (24.2%), pathologies associated with cognitive impairment and dementia (21.15%;aged 60–69 years, 6.02%;aged ≥100 years, 63.5%), chronic ischemic heart disease (18.6%), malignant neoplasms (10.7%;aged 60–69 years, 16.7%;aged ≥100 years, 1.46%), and acute cerebrovascular accident (6.2%). The contribution of causes such as acute forms of coronary artery disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, COVID-19, and others is low in older people. Only 30% of the medical death certificates have their part II completed. The probability of filling out part II of the medical death certificate is influenced by age, place of death, place of issuance of the medical death certificates (in the Bureau of Forensic Medicine less than in other medical organizations), and teaching staff. With age, the proportion of MCAs issued by the Bureau of Forensic Medicine is increasing. Medical death certificates often use codes that are not analogous to clinical diagnoses. CONCLUSION: The contribution of individual causes (and groups of causes) of death changes with age. For a better understanding of the leading causes of death, a multidisciplinary consensus is needed in determining the criteria and validity of the use of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health-Related Problems, Tenth revision, codes. © 2023 Case reportS. All rights reserved.
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Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the detection of malignant neoplasms (MNPs) when implementing secondary preventive measures against cancer in municipal healthcare facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. The model of the Volga Federal District (VFD) of Russia was used to conduct analytical and statistical studies of the rates of active detection of MNPs in the municipal healthcare facilities in 2019-2020. The demographic indicators and state statistics data, which were publicly available on the Internet, on the official websites of the territorial health authorities, oncology dispensaries of the VFD subjects, were comparatively analyzed. A database (State Registration Certificate of the Russian Federation under No. 2021621834/01.09.21) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of secondary preventive measures against cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Results. Compared to 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a 2.1% expansion in the network of patients' examination rooms mainly due to an increase in the number of male rooms by 5.6% and mixed-type rooms by 6.3%. The number of mid-level healthcare workers that provided the functioning of patients' examination rooms rose by 5.2%;the proportion of specialists trained in the area of oncology decreased by 20% (85% in 2019 and 68.1% in 2020). The introduction of restrictive measures determined a statistically significant (p<0.05) decline in the proportion of people who had undergone a primary medical examination in the male (32.9%), female (35.6%), and general (34.7%) populations. The mean frequency of detected MNPs in 2019 and 2020 was 0.91 and 0.76, respectively (a 16.5% decrease). There was an increase in the incidence of lung cancer (LC) (a 4.2% increase) and a reduction in that of breast cancer (BC) (a 56.6% decrease). A comparative assessment of changes in the rate of active detection of MNPs in healthcare facilities at all health levels revealed a negative increase in its mean value in 2020 versus 2019 for colorectal cancer (CRC) (-25.6%), LC (-25.0% ), BC (-11.6%), cervical cancer (CC) (-12.4%), and prostate cancer (PC) (-2.1%). The prognosis of the number of actively detected MNP cases during the pandemic shows that, provided that the effectiveness of MNP detection rates remains the same as in 2019;there were no CRC (n = about 1100 cases), LC (n=1050), BC (n=1470), CC (n=300), and PC (n=300) cases in the VFD in 2020. An analysis of the effectiveness of secondary preventive measures against LC and BC in the VFD showed that among the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease in 2019, there were LC (92.3%) and BC (75.1%) cases in the municipal healthcare facilities;there were LC (100%) and BC (60.9%) cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a decline in the number of participants in preventive activities. Considering the uneven territorial spread of COVID-19, the development of a methodology for the preventive measures adapted to a pandemic, mainly in the municipal healthcare facilities, is an extremely important area of preventive healthcare activities.Copyright © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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The restrictive social distancing strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic in the healthcare system has led to a reduction in measures for the active detection of malignant neoplasms (MNs). Objective. To evaluate the impact of a temporary stop the measures for the secondary prevention of MNs on the frequency of detected cases of the disease during preventive medical examinations (PMEs). Materials and methods. The efficiency of active MN detectability in 2020 versus the pre-COVID-19 period (2018-2019) was com-paratively analyzed in 17 regions of the Central Federal District (CFD) of Russia. Information on the coverage of the population with PMEs and on the frequency of detected cancer cases when using fluorographic, mammographic, and cytological studies was obtained from the study of the data contained in the information project <<Passport of an Oncology Dispensary>> of the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, as well as those available in the public domain on the Internet and on the official websites of regional health authorities. Results. The comparative analysis of the results of PMEs did not reveal significant differences in their efficiency in the studied regions of the Central Federal District of Russia in 2018 and 2019. Compared to the pre-COVID-19 period in 2020, there was a sta-tistically significant decline in the population coverage with primary care, which was 33.2+/-2.3% among both sexes (p<0.01), 25.8+/-2.3 for males (p<0.05) and 39.7+/-3.0% females (p<0.01). The frequency of detected cancer cases was 1.0 in the general population, 0.6 for males and 1.2 for females. There was an increase in the number of detected cases during fluorographic (+27.1%) and mammographic (+22.9%) studies and a decrease in the proportion of cytologically detected MNs (-33.2%). At the same time, due to a decline in the number of the surveyed population in 2020, there was a decrease in the number of detected cancer cases of the lung (-34.8%), breast (-37.1%), as well as tumors diagnosed cytologically (-65.9%). Conclusion. This investigation may suggest that at least 1.065 lung cancer cases and 1.875 breast ones were not diagnosed due to the temporary reduction in PMEs in the regions studied.Copyright © 2021, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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Background: This study analyzed the causes of death in the Korean population in 2020.Methods: Cause-of-death data for 2020 from Statistics Korea were examined based on the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death, 7th revision and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision.Results: In total, 304,948 deaths occurred, reflecting an increase of 9,838 (3.3%) from 2019. The crude death rate (the number of deaths per 100,000 people) was 593.9, corresponding to an increase of 19.0 (3.3%) from 2019. The 10 leading causes of death, in descending order, were malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, intentional self-harm, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer disease, liver diseases, hypertensive diseases, and sepsis. Cancer accounted for 27.0% of deaths. Within the category of malignant neoplasms, the top 5 leading organs of involvement were the lung, liver, colon, stomach, and pancreas. Sepsis was included in the 10 leading causes of death for the first time. Mortality due to pneumonia decreased to 43.3 (per 100,000 people) from 45.1 in 2019. The number of deaths due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was 950, of which 54.5% were in people aged 80 or older.Conclusion: These changes reflect the continuing increase in deaths due to diseases of old age, including sepsis. The decrease in deaths due to pneumonia may have been due to protective measures against SARS-CoV-2. With the concomitant decrease in fertility, 2020 became the first year in which Korea's natural total population decreased.
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BACKGROUND: During the pandemic of COVID-19, cancer patients have been considered as one high-risk group in the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. This study aimed to describe the clinical symptoms and risk factors of COVID-19 in cancer patients. METHOD: In a prospective cross-sectional study, during a year, all cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy and/or targeted therapy in our clinic (Kermanshah, Iran) were followed up in terms of getting COVID-19. We analyzed the effect of tumor features and demographic information on clinical manifestations, survival status, therapeutic outcomes, and severity of the disease COVID-19 in 2 categories of cancer (hematologic and solid cancers). RESULTS: Most of the patients (68%) were in the solid tumor category, including breast cancer (24.4%), colon cancer (22%), and gastric cancer (9.8%). There was a statistically significant difference between 2 categories of cancer in the clinical manifestations: the stage of cancer and survival status (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of death in cancer patients with COVID-19 along with symptoms of diarrhea (odds ratio [OR] = 12.8, P = .004), the difficulty of breath (OR = 10.73, P = .034), drop of SO2 (OR = 1.334, P = .003), thrombocytopenia (OR = 1.022, P = .02), anemia (OR = 2.72, P = .011), requiring mechanical ventilation (OR = 9.24, P = .004), pleural infusion (OR = 10.28, P = .02), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR = 7.389, P = .009) increases independent of other variables. The COVID-19 mortality rate in our cancer patients was 23%. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombocytopenia, anemia, and diarrhea are symptoms that, along with common symptoms such as lung involvement, difficulty breathing, and the need for a ventilator, increase the risk of death in cancer patients with COVID-19.
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OBJECTIVE: Determination of the leading causes of death based on data from primary medical death certificates (MDCs) depending on the place of death. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the electronic database of the Main Department of the Civil Registry Office of the Moscow Region (the USR registry office system) for 2021, all cases were selected in which diseases were indicated as the primary cause of death (PCD); all codes of external causes, injuries and poisonings were excluded. A total of 109.126 cases, 50.6% died in the hospital, 34% died at home, and 16.4% died elsewhere. Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination (BFME) issued 45.2% of MSS. Taking into account the frequency of use of ICD codes, the clinical similarity of individual codes, 20 groups were formed, which accounted for 90.1% of deaths from diseases. RESULTS: The frequency of registration of individual groups of causes of death largely depends on the place of death. 5 leading groups of causes of death were established: 1) in general from COVID-19 23.55%, chronic ischemic heart disease (CIHD-1) without postinfarction cardiosclerosis, aneurysm and ischemic cardiomyopathy (CMP) 14.5%, from encephalopathy indefinite (EI) 11.4%, malignant neoplasms (MN) 11.3%, stroke 6.2%; 2) in a hospital from COVID-19 45%, stroke 10%, MN 8.3%; CIHD-1 7.1%, CIHD with a history of MI/ischemic CMP 2.7%; 3) at home from CIHD-1 21.8%, EI 21.5%, MN 15.5%, from diseases associated with alcohol 3.3% and brain cyst 3.3%; 4) elsewhere from CIHD-1 22.7%, EI 21.6%, MN 12%, from other forms of acute coronary artery disease 5.4%, alcohol-associated diseases 4.8%. Acute MI ranked 6th among deaths in general - 2.7%. PCD is also associated with the place of issue of the MDCs - 90% of the MDC with the indication of EI and «other degenerative diseases of the nervous system¼ as the cause of death were issued by the BFME. Not a single MDC issued by the BFME contained such PCDs as "old age" or "brain cyst". CONCLUSION: The nosological structure of the causes of death and the issuance of individual ICD codes in the MDC as a PCD varies significantly depending on the place of death and the issuance of the MDC. The reasons need to be further clarified. The use of codes that are not permitted for use has been registered.
Subject(s)
Death Certificates , Stroke , Humans , Cause of Death , COVID-19 , Cysts , Moscow/epidemiology , Myocardial Ischemia , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
The operation of the oncological services of the Russian Federation were complicated by the spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2, which worsened the diagnosis of lung cancer and led to the reorientation of medical institutions to the anti-epidemic mode. The aim. To evaluate the features of providing medical care for lung cancer to residents of the Magadan Region during the pandemic of COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19). Methods. The analysis of the Magadan Region database on patients with lung cancer was carried out. The databased is filled in with the information from state statistical reporting forms No.7 and No.35. General problems of the Magadan Region healthcare system were identified using materials of publications from the Medline, CrossRef, Pubmed and Scopus databases for 2019 - 2021;the potential solutions were also suggested. Results. The analysis of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in 2014 - 2020 yy. showed that lung tumors are in the lead among Magadan Region residents. The "rough" incidence rate of lung cancer in 2019 (58.8 per 100,000 inhabitants an increase from 2009 +20.74%) and the relative proportion of these tumors detected in 2020 in localized stages are ahead of the average values for the Russian Federation. In 2018 - 2021, the indicator of morphological verification of lung cancer and the proportion of advanced tumors continued to increase, but the one-year mortality rate was decreasing. In 2021, 10.3% of the residents of Magadan Region had low-dose computed tomography (CT) of the chest organs. 10 (1.8%) cases of lung cancer were detected. Localized lung cancer was detected in 32.5% of those cases (2020 - 24.5%, 2019 - 20.3%). The spread of the coronavirus infection has complicated work of the staff of the Magadan Region oncology service: remote medical consultations for patients living far from the regional center (Magadan) are to be developed. Insufficient number of low-dose CT machines in the medical institutions, understaffing in health facilities, insufficient use of chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with lung cancer, as well as problems of palliative care for patients with advanced stages of the tumor were identified. Conclusion. The main problems of the oncological service of the Magadan Region are the shortage of personnel, lack of equipment and the lack of a single information field in the medical institutions. These problems of specialized medical care for patients with lung cancer will have to be solved by the regional Ministry of Health, scientific schools, and universities. Copyright © 2022 Medical Education. All rights reserved.
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Medical checkups are a systemic preventive measure aimed at identifying chronic non-communicable diseases and their risk factors contributing to premature mortality in our country. One of the most important tasks of the checkups is screening to detect malignant neoplasms (MN). Unfortunately, preliminary analysis has shown that one of the typical problems in the activities of primary healthcare organizations is the lack of developed schemes of patient routing as part of cancer screening at the level of both the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and individual healthcare organizations. Objective. To evaluate the screening effectiveness in the Chuvash Republic, Moscow and Sakhalin regions in primary detection of cervix, colorectal, and breast cancer. Material and methods. We used data obtained from Statistical Reporting Form No. 12 "Information on the Number of Diseases Reg-istered in Patients Residing in the Service Area of a Healthcare Organization", Branch Statistical Reporting Form No. 131/o for 2019, 2020, 2021 and the first half of 2022 in the Chuvash Republic, Moscow and Sakhalin regions. Regional legal acts regulating the routing of patients for preventive activities were analyzed. Results. In the studied constituent entities of the Russian Federation, there was a decrease in the proportion of newly diagnosed cancers both in general and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most significant decrease (14.1%) was observed between 2019 and 2020 in the Sakhalin region. Analysis of healthcare-related regulatory acts of executive authorities of three constituent entities of the Russian Federation, regulating the organization of medical care to the adult population for cancer diseases in health-care organizations, showed their compliance with the Medical Care Procedure to the adult population for cancer diseases, and also revealed some defects hampering accurate statistical records of the revealed diseases. Conclusion. The suspension of routine medical care in the studied subjects of the Russian Federation in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the initial detection of malignant neoplasms. Copyright © L.YU. DROZDOVA, E.S. IVANOVA, V.A. EGOROV, YU.S. RAKOVSKAYA.
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The restrictive social distancing strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic in the healthcare system has led to a reduction in measures for the active detection of malignant neoplasms (MNs). Objective. To evaluate the impact of a temporary stop the measures for the secondary prevention of MNs on the frequency of detected cases of the disease during preventive medical examinations (PMEs). Materials and methods. The efficiency of active MN detectability in 2020 versus the pre-COVID-19 period (2018—2019) was com-paratively analyzed in 17 regions of the Central Federal District (CFD) of Russia. Information on the coverage of the population with PMEs and on the frequency of detected cancer cases when using fluorographic, mammographic, and cytological studies was obtained from the study of the data contained in the information project «Passport of an Oncology Dispensary» of the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Institute, as well as those available in the public domain on the Internet and on the official websites of regional health authorities. Results. The comparative analysis of the results of PMEs did not reveal significant differences in their efficiency in the studied regions of the Central Federal District of Russia in 2018 and 2019. Compared to the pre-COVID-19 period in 2020, there was a sta-tistically significant decline in the population coverage with primary care, which was 33.2±2.3% among both sexes (p<0.01), 25.8±2.3 for males (p<0.05) and 39.7±3.0% females (p<0.01). The frequency of detected cancer cases was 1.0 ‰ in the general population, 0.6‰ for males and 1.2‰ for females. There was an increase in the number of detected cases during fluorographic (+27.1%) and mammographic (+22.9%) studies and a decrease in the proportion of cytologically detected MNs (–33.2%). At the same time, due to a decline in the number of the surveyed population in 2020, there was a decrease in the number of detected cancer cases of the lung (–34.8%), breast (–37.1%), as well as tumors diagnosed cytologically (–65.9%). Conclusion. This investigation may suggest that at least 1.065 lung cancer cases and 1.875 breast ones were not diagnosed due to the temporary reduction in PMEs in the regions studied. © 2021, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the detection of malignant neoplasms (MNPs) when implementing secondary preventive measures against cancer in municipal healthcare facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods. The model of the Volga Federal District (VFD) of Russia was used to conduct analytical and statistical studies of the rates of active detection of MNPs in the municipal healthcare facilities in 2019-2020. The demographic indicators and state statistics data, which were publicly available on the Internet, on the official websites of the territorial health authorities, oncology dispensaries of the VFD subjects, were comparatively analyzed. A database (State Registration Certificate of the Russian Federation under No. 2021621834/01.09.21) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of secondary preventive measures against cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Results. Compared to 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a 2.1% expansion in the network of patients’ examination rooms mainly due to an increase in the number of male rooms by 5.6% and mixed-type rooms by 6.3%. The number of mid-level healthcare workers that provided the functioning of patients’ examination rooms rose by 5.2%;the proportion of specialists trained in the area of oncology decreased by 20% (85% in 2019 and 68.1% in 2020). The introduction of restrictive measures determined a statistically significant (p<0.05) decline in the proportion of people who had undergone a primary medical examination in the male (32.9%), female (35.6%), and general (34.7%) populations. The mean frequency of detected MNPs in 2019 and 2020 was 0.91‰ and 0.76‰, respectively (a 16.5% decrease). There was an increase in the incidence of lung cancer (LC) (a 4.2% increase) and a reduction in that of breast cancer (BC) (a 56.6% decrease). A comparative assessment of changes in the rate of active detection of MNPs in healthcare facilities at all health levels revealed a negative increase in its mean value in 2020 versus 2019 for colorectal cancer (CRC) (–25.6%), LC (–25.0% ), BC (–11.6%), cervical cancer (CC) (–12.4%), and prostate cancer (PC) (–2.1%). The prognosis of the number of actively detected MNP cases during the pandemic shows that, provided that the effectiveness of MNP detection rates remains the same as in 2019;there were no CRC (n = about 1100 cases), LC (n=1050), BC (n=1470), CC (n=300), and PC (n=300) cases in the VFD in 2020. An analysis of the effectiveness of secondary preventive measures against LC and BC in the VFD showed that among the number of newly diagnosed cases of a disease in 2019, there were LC (92.3%) and BC (75.1%) cases in the municipal healthcare facilities;there were LC (100%) and BC (60.9%) cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a decline in the number of participants in preventive activities. Considering the uneven territorial spread of COVID-19, the development of a methodology for the preventive measures adapted to a pandemic, mainly in the municipal healthcare facilities, is an extremely important area of preventive healthcare activities. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
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Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common nosological entities among cancers. In the structure of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms, BC occupies a leading position in most countries of the world. The paper analyzes overall trends in morbidity and mortality rates and information on the diagnosis of BC and the patient population with this disease in Russia during a 20-year period (2000—2020) on the basis of state statistical reporting data. It compares the Russian estimates with the interna-tional data of the GLOBOCAN 2020 project. The COVID-19 pandemic is indicated to have an impact on main statistical indicators. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the course of cancers and to estimate the achievement of the main indicators of a cancer service in case of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Subjects and methods. In the Nizhny Novgorod Region, data on the detection and registration of COVID-19 in patients with malignant neoplasms (MNs) were analyzed on the basis of data of the information and analytical system (IAS) «Cancer Registry 6S». Results. As of December 31, 2020, there were a total of 99.477 cancer patients, including 1.470 confirmed COVID-19 cases, accounting for 1.5% of all the registered patients with MNs. Among the cancer patients with COVID-19, the females were 1.6 times more likely to be ill than the males. Analyzing the age structure of cancer patients with COVID-19 revealed that the older ablebodied persons (61.6%) were more likely to get sick than younger ones (38.0%). Cancer concurrent with COVID-19 led to a severe course of COVID-19 in 15.9% of cases and resulted in death of cancer patients in 17.8% of cases. The older able-bodied patients were more likely to die, which accounted for 89.3% of the total number of died cancer patients with COVID-19. In the structure of the causes of death of cancer patients with COVID-19, the latter comes first (51.3%), MNs ranked next (33.0%), circulatory system diseases occupied the third place (13.0%), and other causes ranked fourth (2.7%). According to the 2020 results, the Nizhny Novgorod Region during the COVID-19 pandemic displayed a 0.4% increase in the mortality rate from neoplasms, including that from malignant ones, a 5.0% decrease in the proportion of MNs detected at Stages 1-2, a 22.0% reduction in active detection rates, and a 21.0% rise in neglect rates. Conclusion. Thus, the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affects the course of cancers, by aggravating the condition of cancer patients, which results in a fatal outcome in 17.8% of cases. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.